Analysis of LoRaWAN Network Signal Coverage and Quality Parameters in Real-Time: Case Study of Cikumpa River Water Quality Monitoring, Depok City

In the context of an increasingly advanced era, Internet of Things (IoT) technology has emerged as a significant innovation across a range of fields. One of the most rapidly developing Internet of Things (IoT) technologies is the Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN). LoRaWAN is capable of long-distance communication while simultaneously consuming minimal power. In this study, we analyze the coverage of the LoRaWAN network in transmitting data with Cikumpa river water objects, with a 100–600 meters distance between the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX). This study assesses the RSSI network quality, LoRaWAN SNR, and LoRaWAN network QoS quality concerning throughput, delay, jitter, and packet loss parameters. The testing results demonstrated that the LoRaWAN network coverage reaches a maximum distance of 600 meters. Researchers conducted the testing in the Cikumpa River area. They then analyzed the RSSI and SNR test results in the morning, afternoon, and evening. The results of the RSSI test and calculations demonstrate that as the distance between the transmitter and receiver increases, the RSSI value decreases. The RSSI testing conducted in the morning exhibited a range of -99 dBm to -121 dBm, with the SNR values spanning from -3.25 dB to 8.75 dB. The results of the daytime RSSI tests ranged from -104 dBm to -124 dBm, with the corresponding SNR values ranging from -8.50 dB to 9.00 dB. The RSSI test results for the afternoon period exhibited a range of -96 dBm to -120 dBm, while the SNR demonstrated a range of -7.25 dB to 9.00 dB. In addition, the quality of service (QoS) can be considered stable based on the results of the RSSI and SNR for each test. During the testing process, conducted at distances between 100 and 600 meters, there was no packet loss when data transmission occurred. This research demonstrates the potential for utilizing LoRaWAN technology to monitor a desired object remotely.