Evaluating the coagulation parameters in acute ischemic versus hemorrhagic stroke patients upon hospital admission

Background and objectives. Stroke, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, encompasses ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Understanding the demographic, clinical, and coagulation profile differences between these subtypes is crucial for optimizing management strategies and improving patient outcomes. Material and methods. This observational study was conducted at Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, involving 60 patients presenting with symptoms of acute stroke. Patients were categorized into ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke groups based on brain imaging confirmation. Demographic, clinical, and coagulation profile data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and comparative analyses. Results. Hemorrhagic stroke patients were younger (mean age: 58.79 years) compared to ischemic stroke patients (mean age: 68.12 years) and exhibited higher stroke severity scores (NIH Stroke Scale mean: 12.22 vs. 8.87). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more prevalent among hemorrhagic stroke patients, while atrial fibrillation was more prevalent among ischemic stroke patients. Coagulation profiles differed significantly between groups, with hemorrhagic stroke patients demonstrating prolonged clotting times, elevated INR values, and lower platelet counts compared to ischemic stroke patients. Conclusion. This study provides comprehensive insights into demographic, clinical, and coagulation profile variations between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke patients. By elucidating these distinctions, clinicians can refine management approaches and researchers can identify targeted therapeutic strategies, ultimately advancing stroke care and patient outcomes.