IMPACTOS DO AMBIENTE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO GENÉTICO

Human development is a complex process that goes beyond information encoded in DNA. Environmental factors, such as availability of resources, temperature, pollution and social interactions, have been shown to significantly influence development and the health of individuals. This study consists of a systematic review of literature, with the objective of analyzing the environmental impact of genetic development. The selection of articles followed strict criteria to ensure the quality and relevance of the research. The sources of the research were selected from bases de dados acadêmicas de renome, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and SciELO. Desenvolvimento: Mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications are examples of external factors, such as diet, stress and exposure to toxins, that can alter the way genes are expressed. Chromatina is the physical manifestation of the epigenome and plays a role in memory of methylation of DNA, modifications of histones and tridimensional organization (3D). This epigenetic memory does not only influence temporary genetic expression, but also reflects permanent decisions about the fate of cells. Epigenetics not only enriches our understanding of human biology, but also offers a new perspective on the prevention and treatment of diseases, highlighting the importance of a healthy environment and positive experiences during the critical phases of development.