Bioplastic collagen based materials in reconstructive surgery

In recent years, bioplastic collagen based materials have become widespread in reconstructive surgery due to their unique biological and mechanical properties. The article reviews modern advances in the development and application of collagen based biomaterials for soft tissue, bone and cartilage repair, as well as their effectiveness in comparison with other types of materials used in rehabilitation. Special attention is paid to the improvement of collagen materials properties due to their chemical modification, crosslinking and combination with synthetic polymers, which allows increasing their biocompatibility, resistance to degradation and mechanical strength. The article reviews key applications of collagen based materials, including chronic wound healing, cartilage repair in osteoarthritis, and bone regeneration after trauma and surgery. A comparative analysis of collagen materials with alternative biomaterials such as synthetic polymers and ceramics has been performed. It is shown that collagen materials are superior to synthetic analogs in terms of biocompatibility and ability to stimulate cell proliferation, but combined materials based on collagen and synthetic polymers show the best results in terms of mechanical stability and bioactivity. The presented data indicate a high potential for the use of bioplastic collagen based materials in reconstructive surgery, and emphasize the need for further research to optimize their properties and expand their application in clinical practice.