Idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome masquerading as isolated nerve palsies: A case series

Idiopathic orbital inflammatory (IOI) syndrome is a benign inflammatory condition resembling neoplasm, usually confined to the tissues of the eyes and the orbit. We discuss four such cases, all exhibiting similar patterns where the patients showed cranial nerve involvement, and reported an absence of pain or overt inflammation but a preceding history of headaches. In all the cases, the patient’s conditions rapidly improved with steroid administration. The reduction of inflammation was also confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging. This case series discusses the variable presentations of IOI syndrome and the role of conducting a biopsy.