Maxillary Giant Radicular Cyst: A Case Presentation and Management

Objectives: Radicular cysts are the most frequent odontogenic cystic lesions, they are inflammatory cysts that involve the apex of affected tooth and appear as well-defined radiolucencies. Most radicular cysts are small, but they can grow quite large due to their capacity for significant expansion, invasion of adjacent tissues, and rapid growth. They also have a high recurrence rate. We present here a rare case of a giant maxillary radicular cyst in a 60-year-old patient, aiming to highlight the clinical and radiological aspects, as well as the importance of enucleation with extraction of the offending tooth/teeth in the surgical management of these cysts. Methods: a 60-year-old male patient presented with an extensive involving the left anterior area of the maxilla. The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) image suggested the presence of an odontogenic cyst at the size of 50 mm × 30 mm in the affected side. For treatment, an enucleation of the cyst, along with the extraction of the association tooth, was performed. Results: The diagnosis of radicular cyst was established on the resected specimen. There were no signs of recurrence two years following the surgery. Conclusions: Imaging plays a crucial role in accurately diagnosing and assessing the extent of the cyst. Surgical treatment primarily relies on enucleation with extraction of the offending tooth which is essential for effective management and to minimize recurrence.