The effect of glycemic levels on Doppler indices and pregnancy outcome in pregestational and gestational diabetic pregnant women

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized as a condition where there is a varying degree of intolerance to glucose, which occurs or is initially identified throughout pregnancy. Aim To evaluate the impact of glycemic control on Doppler indices of uterine, umbilical, and middle cerebral arteries (MCA) in pregestational and GDM women and to correlate alterations in maternal levels of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Doppler indices related to pregnancy outcome. Patients and methods This prospective comparative cross-sectional work was performed on 84 diabetic patients aged from 20 to 43 years old, pregnant women with singleton living fetus, at booking, gestational age (GA) 24–28 weeks gestation. The participants categorized into two groups equal: group A: Pregestational diabetes and group B: GDM. Results There was an insignificant correlation between mean HbA1c % and BMI, GA, and doppler velocimetry mean results pulsatility index (PI) of uterine artery (UtA), PI of umbilical artery (UA) and PI of MCA. Pregestational diabetic pregnant women was a significantly positive association with UtA PI. There was insignificant association with Age, UA PI, Middle cerebral artery PI, fasting blood sugar, 2 h postprandial blood sugar, HbA1c (%). Gestational Diabetic pregnant women had insignificant associations with age, UtA PI, UA PI, MSA PI, fasting blood sugar, 2 h postprandial blood sugar, HbA1c. Ultrasound findings, amniotic fluid index, weight, PI of UtA, PI of UA. Conclusion Pregestational and GDM were not correlated with irregularities in Doppler indices of uterine, umbilical, and MCA.