Evaluation of different methods for optic port entry in the umbilical region in gynecologic laparoscopic operations

Background Scarring after surgery poses a significant concern for women, particularly for those in their youth. Aim Evaluate which method of vertical trans umbilical and tranverse supra umbilical entry approaches in laparoscopic surgeries ought to be prioritized regarding cosmetic, pain and infection. Patients and methods This prospective comparative study was performed on 50 individuals aged from 18 to 60 years old, both sexes, undergoing diagnostic or operative laparoscopy for infertility, ovarian torsion, or cystectomy, chronic pelvic pain and total laparoscopic hysterectomy. Participants divided in to two groups equally: group 1: Vertical trans umbilical incision. Group 2: Transverse supra umbilical incision. Results There were significantly lower pain scores and overall scar scores after 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months of the operation in individuals with vertical trans umbilical incision than in patients with transverse supra umbilical incision. A substantial variation existed among both groups as regard redness warmth, tenderness, and increased pain. There was significantly lower vascularity, pigmentation, pliability, thickness sub scale scores, and overall scar scores after 1 week, 1 month, and following 3 months of the operation in individuals with trans umbilical vertical incision than in patients with supra umbilical transverse incision ( P <0.05). Lower painful, itchy, stiff, irregular, and hyperpigmented scar in vertical trans umbilical incision than patients with transverse supra umbilical incision however, this difference was significant in itching and irregular scar formation ( P <0.05). Conclusion A vertical incision provides better cosmetic outcomes compared with a transverse incision one.