S-Word Arithmetic and High Precision Calculations

The intricacies of using S-word arithmetic, the influence of the value of the parameter S on the estimation of the rounding error are analyzed; what are high-precision calculations and where they are used. The problems of two-key cryptography, computer steganography and the problem of transcomputational complexity are considered as areas of application of S-word arithmetic. For the development of S-word arithmetic algorithms, sequential, parallel, quantum computing models are used, and systems of residual classes are used. The architectural features of the computer system for the implementation of an effective algorithm in various models of calculations are considered. For the parallel computing model, the importance of reducing the connected steps is indicated, which can increase the amount of processed data, but allows to involve a larger number of parallel processors. This approach is in conflict with a method that reduces the amount of processed data, and there is a need to maintain a balance between these two methods in a parallel computing model. For the quantum computing model, the connection of qubits is a key factor in determining the quantum volume. The physical scheme determines which pairs of qubits can be entangled in a quantum computer. Peculiarities of transferring algorithms to another computing model are considered. An analysis of the complexity of implementing S-word arithmetic operations in sequential, parallel, and quantum computing models is carried out. For the parallel computing model, the importance of reducing the connected steps is indicated, which can increase the amount of processed data, but allows to involve a larger number of parallel processors. This approach is in conflict with a method that reduces the amount of processed data, and there is a need to maintain a balance between these two methods in a parallel computing model. For the quantum computing model, the connection of qubits is a key factor in determining the quantum volume. The physical scheme determines which pairs of qubits can be entangled in a quantum computer. Information is provided about the ongoing scientific forum «Calculation optimization issues», the subject of which is closely related to the topic (1969-2023)