Comparative study of visual and refractive outcomes of laser assisted in situ Keratomileusis versus small incision lenticule extraction versus implantable collamer lens for moderate to high myopia correction

Background Myopia represents a condition of refraction, in which parallel light rays converge in front of the resting eye retina. Aim To compare the laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) visual and refractive outcomes versus small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) versus implantable collamer lens (ICL) while correcting cases having moderate to high myopia. Patients and methods Our research involved 60 eyes having moderate to severe myopia ranging from –3 to –10 dioptres. They divided into three equal groups, group A: through LASIK, group B: through SMILE, and group C: received an ICL. Preoperative uncorrected visual acuity, Corrected distance visual acuity, and Manifest and cycloplgic refraction assessments were accomplished. Results Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity exhibited no significant variation among groups A and B, yet a significant variation was documented among groups A and C as well as among groups B and C P less than 0.001. The postoperative spherical error showed no significant variation among groups A and B nor among groups B and C yet exhibited significant variation among groups A and C P =0.002. Postoperative astigmatism was no significant variation among groups A as well as B, yet a significant variation was documented among groups A and C in addition to between groups B and C. Postoperative spherical equivalent was a significant variation among groups A and C P less than 0.001 and among groups B and C P less than 0.001. Conclusion Visual outcomes were comparable between LASIK, SMILE, and ICL. The three procedures exhibited superior effectiveness, safety, stability, and accuracy in the treatment of moderate and high myopia.