Surgical outcomes of complete atrioventricular septal defect repair in children at the Cardiovascular Center, E Hospital

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of complete atrioventricular septal defect repair in children at the Cardiovascular Center, E Hospital Methods: An observation study was conducted on 45 patients ≤15 years old diagnosed and surgically treated for complete atrioventricular septal defect at E Hospital from January 2017 to May 2024. Results: Among a total of 45 participants, the mortality and rate of terminal discharge was 6,7% (3 patients), with one patient (2,2%) requiring a second surgery to repair the mitral valve. The most common complications were infections (62.2%) and low cardiac output syndrome (22.2%), with pacemaker implantation in 1 patient (2,2%). Postoperative echocardiography showed residual ventricular septal defect in 45.2% of patients. After 3-6 months of follow-up, 36 patients were evaluated. Among them, 2 patients required a second surgery for mitral valve repair and 4 patients died or were terminal discharged due to severe respiratory failure or pneumonia. The residual ventricular septal defect rate decreased to 8.3%. Analysis showed that patients who died or terminal discharged had significantly longer mechanical ventilation post-surgery time, intensive care time, higher VIS in the first 24 hours, presence of low cardiac output syndrome, acute kidney failure and use of peritoneal dialysis during post-operative care compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The estimated survival rates at 6, 12, and 36 months were 88.9%, 86.7%, and 84.4% respectively, with a mortality rate of 0.51/100 patient-years, showing no significant difference in outcomes between patients aged ≤6 months and those older than 6 months (p=0.09). Conclusion: Complete atrioventricular septal defect repair at E Hospital shows promising results with low mortality rate. However, the rates of complications and residual lesions remain high, requiring active post-operative monitoring and management.