Different Effects of a Super Storm on Atmospheric Electric Fields at Different Latitudes

Geomagnetic storms have a significant impact on Earth’s magnetosphere and ionosphere, as well as on the global atmospheric circuit. This study focuses on investigating the anomalous variations in the vertical atmospheric electric field at eight mid-latitude and low-latitude stations during a mega-geomagnetic storm on 24 April 2023. The majority of stations observed vertical atmospheric electric field increases, while only three nearby stations exhibited vertical atmospheric electric field decreases. The analysis revealed that vertical atmospheric electric field changes ranged from 19 to 370 V/m, and the time differences between extreme vertical atmospheric electric field values and the minimum Dst value ranged from 0 to 5.3 h. Other response patterns to this super magnetic storm at different latitudes are summarized, and the physical mechanisms of different effects of magnetic storms on the electric fields of stations at different latitudes are also discussed.