Evaluating the Effectiveness of Anti-Poaching Efforts in Combating Wildlife Poaching at Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Tanzania

This study evaluates the effectiveness of anti-poaching strategies in Udzungwa Mountains National Park (UMNP), Tanzania. Data was collected from 80 respondents, including conservation officers, rangers, ex-poachers, community leaders, and intelligence officers. The analysis identified awareness campaigns and ranger training as the most effective strategies, with mean effectiveness scores of 5.5 and 5.3, respectively. While patrol frequency and GPS surveillance were valuable enforcement tools, resource limitations and insufficient community engagement reduced their impact. Despite legal frameworks, challenges in prosecution and low morale among the anti-poaching force persist. The study highlights the need for a balanced approach integrating legal enforcement, advanced technology, community involvement, and enhanced ranger support. Recommendations include strengthening judicial resources, expanding community-based initiatives, and improving ranger training and morale to achieve sustainable conservation outcomes. This study offers valuable insights into anti-poaching strategies in UMNP and provides guidance for improving wildlife protection efforts in high-risk areas