MAIN STAGES OF DESIGNING RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES FOR INGOT DEFORMATION ON HYDRAULIC PRESSES

Objective. To study the technological process of forging large ingots on hydraulic presses in order to identify and reduce resource consumption. Research methods. A finite element method that makes it possible to assess the stress-strain state of a workpiece, the possibility of levelling it, and homogenising it by controlling the factors that form the optimal forging method for a given workpiece. Results. A resource-saving technological process based on the optimal forging method has been developed, which allows to bring the quality of the designed products to a new level and leads to an increase in technical and economic indicators of production. By controlling the stress-strain state of the metal, high quality forged products can be achieved and resource-saving technologies for forging forgings of high-alloy steel grades and alloys can be created. Scientific novelty. The factors that form the rational resource-saving technological process of plastic deformation and the method of forging large forgings from alloyed, stainless steels and alloys on hydraulic presses, as well as the directions of their optimisation, have been formed. The finite element method allows us to predict the distribution fields of the workpiece’s stress-strain parameters, metal microstructure, and grain size. Practical value. Practically grounded recommendations for optimal modes of forging ingots from tool steel grades were developed. This will reduce energy consumption, save time in the production of forged products and generally intensify the process of plastic deformation. The proposed recommendations can be applied not only in the processes of forging tool steel grades but also in other types of hot plastic deformation of metals of a wide range.