Causes and Consequences of Widespread Power Blackout Across Taiwan on 3 March 2022: A Blackout Incident Investigation in the Taiwan Power System

This paper delves into the blackout incident within Taiwan’s power grid on March 3, 2022, commonly referred to as the 303 blackout. This outage led to a loss of power supply amounting to around 10.5 GW, roughly one-third of the daily electricity demand of Taiwan’s entire power system. As a consequence, approximately 5.49 million households across Taiwan were affected by power disruptions. Within this paper, emphasis is placed on the efforts made to restore the grid and analyze the failure that caused this significant outage. The sequence of events leading to the cascading blackout will be detailed. Additionally, a thorough investigation into the root cause of the blackout incident is presented. Moreover, the paper summarizes the lessons learned from this event and proposes reinforcement strategies aimed at enhancing grid resilience.