Cascaded FBG to Improve Communication Signal by Double Mach-Zehnder Modulators

Optical communication systems utilizing cascaded fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) have effectively enhanced performance by decreasing the laser source's spectrum width, thereby minimizing dispersion. The efficacy of these enhancements has been validated by simulations employing cascaded FBG amplifiers and diverse Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM). The use of 8 FBGs with twin MZM yields a Q-factor value of 6.53144. The Q value of this system is more than that of systems lacking a cascaded structure, which attained a Q-factor of 5.76228 over a fiber optic span of 105 km with a bit rate of 12 Gbps. Using a layered FBG structure as an amplifier significantly improves the efficiency of optical communication systems. It is crucial to empirically validate these theoretical findings at both the device and system levels. The simulation findings indicate that systems with a hierarchical design are capable of successfully managing pulse amplitude modulation at the 4-level for applications that include short-distance communication. These findings indicate that there is a notable potential to enhance the effectiveness and functionality of optical communication systems in practical applications.