No More Data Silos: Unified Microservice Failure Diagnosis With Temporal Knowledge Graph

Microservices improve the scalability and flexibility of monolithic architectures to accommodate the evolution of software systems, but the complexity and dynamics of microservices challenge system reliability. Ensuring microservice quality requires efficient failure diagnosis, including detection and triage. Failure detection involves identifying anomalous behavior within the system, while triage entails classifying the failure type and directing it to the engineering team for resolution. Unfortunately, current approaches reliant on single-modal monitoring data, such as metrics, logs, or traces, cannot capture all failures and neglect interconnections among multimodal data, leading to erroneous diagnoses. Recent multimodal data fusion studies struggle to achieve deep integration, limiting diagnostic accuracy due to insufficiently captured interdependencies. Therefore, we propose <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">UniDiag</i>, which leverages temporal knowledge graphs to fuse multimodal data for effective failure diagnosis. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">UniDiag</i> applies a simple yet effective stream-based anomaly detection method to reduce computational cost and a novel microservice-oriented graph embedding method to represent the state of systems comprehensively. To assess the performance of <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">UniDiag</i>, we conduct extensive evaluation experiments using datasets from two benchmark microservice systems, demonstrating its superiority over existing methods and affirming the efficacy of multimodal data fusion. Additionally, we have publicly made the code and data available to facilitate further research.