Study on Minimizing Noise in Several CMOS Bandgap Voltage References

This paper presents a comparative study on noise minimization of three bandgap voltage references: Kujik, Banba, and an improved Kujik topology. The study examines essential parameters crucial to voltage reference operation, focusing on noise behavior, especially in the audio band (200Hz-20kHz), but also quiescent current, area scaling, PSRR, and precision. An analytical noise analysis for each topology was performed, while a sizing strategy for the most efficient bandgap circuit, the improved Kujik topology, is proposed, this way facilitating its practical implementation in integrated designs. The circuits were implemented in a standard CMOS submicronic technology to fit nowadays trends.