Solution of Well-known Physical Problems with Fractional Conformable Derivative

This paper presents a new definition of fractional derivatives and integrals through the conformable derivative approach. This innovative framework offers a closer alignment with classical derivative concepts while providing a more practical and intuitive basis for fractional calculus. The new definition is applicable in two primary ranges: 0 ≤ α < 1 and n − 1 ≤ α < n, where n is a positive integer. It is shown that when α = 1, this definition corresponds precisely to the classical first-order derivative. Key benefits of this approach include its improved consistency with traditional calculus and greater computational ease, making it a useful tool for both theoretical research and practical applications. By integrating fractional calculus with conventional derivative ideas, this definition simplifies the analysis and interpretation of fractional differential equations and their solutions. Additionally, we examine the definition’s effects on stability and convergence in numerical methods and provide examples demonstrating its effectiveness and applicability.