Effects of different surface finishing procedures and staining solution applications on lightness, chroma and hue of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramics

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in lightness (ΔL), chroma (ΔC), and hue (ΔH) of zirconia-reinforced glass ceramic (ZLS) samples of various thicknesses, which underwent different surface finishing procedures, after aging and staining solutions. Methodology: Sixty samples of ZLS blocks were produced in two different thicknesses (12x14x1 mm, n=30; 12x14x1.5 mm, n=30), and different surface treatments were applied to them (mechanical polishing or glaze; n=15). After polishing and glazing, all samples were cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaner for 10 minutes. Color measurements were taken using a spectrophotometer before and after autoclave aging and immersion in staining solutions (tea, coffee, and coke), and color values were calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Shapiro, three-way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD tests were used for statistical evaluation. Results: The common effects of surface finishing treatment, staining solution, and thickness interaction on ∆L and ∆C values were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05), while the common effect on ∆H values was not found to be significant (p>0.05). The ∆L and ∆H values (5.06 ± 1.60 and 2.95 ± 0.61, respectively) were the highest in the groups with 1 mm thickness, mechanical polishing, and immersion in tea solution. The highest ∆C value (4.21 ± 0.35) was noted for the group with 1 mm thickness, mechanical polishing, and immersion in cola solution. Conclusion: Differences in material thickness and the staining solution affected the lightness, hue, and chroma of the ZLS samples. The difference in the surface finishing procedure affected the hue and chroma but not the lightness. How to cite this article: Korkmaz C. Effects of different surface finishing procedures and staining solution applications on lightness, chroma and hue of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramics. Int Dent Res 2024;14(2):57-67. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.538