Miniaturised Wide and Dual band Reconfigurable Antenna on-demand for Portable Wireless Devices

This article presents a compact reconfigurable antenna capable of wide-band, dual-band operation. The proposed antenna is having two closed rings with ELC integration in the inner ring. The entire structure is designed and fabricated on a FR4 substrate with the foot print area of 30 × 31 mm2. Initially, a circular ELC-based monopole antenna operating within the frequency range of 2.4 - 2.7 GHz is described. By integrating two p-i-n diodes between the rings and ELC, distinct operating frequency bands are achieved through toggling the diodes. With one diode active, the antenna functions at 2.4 - 2.7 GHz and 4.2 - 4.3 GHz. Activating both diodes extends the bandwidth, enabling operation within the same frequency ranges. The bandwidth of 3200 and 98 MHz is achived in both the bands respectiveley. The gain of the proposed antenna is maintained above 2.0 dBi in the entire operating frequency range. The antenna's compact design, suitable for WiMAX and WLAN applications, is emphasized, and a comparison with contemporary designs underscores its size efficiency and versatile operational modes.