Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the ileum: A case report highlighting diagnostic imaging and surgical intervention

Abstract: Gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma, a form of extranodal variant of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), poses diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific symptoms. Constituting 30%–40% of extranodal NHL cases, GI lymphomas frequently involve the stomach, small bowel, and ileocecal region. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is noted as the predominant form of extranodal NHL. This report describes the diagnostic imaging and surgical intervention in an unusual occurrence of ileal DLBCL in a man aged 60. Initial ultrasound and subsequent comprehensive evaluation using contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed extensive ileal wall thickening, aneurysmal dilatation in the affected segment, a few enlarged pelvic lymph nodes, and heterogeneously enhancing deposits in the mesentery. The surgical intervention included right hemicolectomy and ileocolic anastomosis, revealing a 10-cm ileal mass and the mesenteric deposit. Histopathological analysis identified high-grade B-cell NHL, suggestive of DLBCL-germinal center subtype.