Composite Right/Left-Handed Structures and Substrate Intergrated Waveguide (SIW): A Comparative Study of Miniaturization in Antenna Design

This review explores the development and application of Composite Right/Left-Handed (CRLH) structures in the design of small and multi-band antennas, particularly for wireless communication systems and in-body medical devices. Two primary design methodologies were examined: The Combination of Vias and Slots, and the Combination of Geometry. These methods leverage on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology and metamaterials, respectively, offering innovative solutions to challenges in antenna design. The study provides a comprehensive comparison of frequency, material, technique, and performance metrics, demonstrating the flexibility and scalability of these methods. It was found that the combination of SIW and CRLH structures holds great promise for advancing wireless communication technology through the development of compact, high-performance antennas.