Factor Analysis: Uncovering Factor Structure in the Indonesian Teacher Engagement Index (ITEI) Survey Results Data

This study aims to explore the latent structure of the Indonesian Teacher Engagement Index (ITEI) based on the ITEI survey results of primary school teachers in various regions of Indonesia. Exploration of the ITEI structure is obtained by identifying the main factors hidden in the ITEI survey data with machine learning. The machine learning method used is Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The ITEI dataset consists of 10,365 records, covering 44 items from 6 ITEI dimensions. The machine learning analysis yielded 4 main factors that became new dimensions, explaining the variation of 29 items. The four new factors found are summarized into the dimensions of Values and Ethics in Education, Personal and Social Development in Education, Character and Leadership in Education, and Social Competence and Justice in Education. This exploration was conducted to show the latent structure of the ITEI that matches the real situation and provide a deeper understanding of the main components that make up the teacher engagement index in Indonesia, so that conclusions can be drawn accurately from the survey results. The implications of these findings can be used to improve understanding and development of more effective education policies in the future.