Cybersecurity of Distance Education

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on all educational activities. Within a few weeks, educational systems from primary to higher education had to completely transform their educational approaches and take advantage of e-Learning (eL). However, the sudden conversion to e-learning brought to the fore challenges in the secure use of these systems. In this case study we investigate the security of emergency e-learning through security incidents. We identify the vulnerabilities, threats, risks, protection countermeasures and their consequences in the conduct of e-learning. We conclude that there were problems in the availability of e- learning systems, which can be satisfied with cloud computing infrastructures, while at the same time policies should be implemented to manage the security of sensitive personal data of students and teachers, so that e-learning becomes effective and accepted by the educational community.