Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Promotes Burn Wound Healing by Inducing FGF and VEGF in Diabetic Rat

<b>Background and Objective:</b> The hBM-MSCs have a high level of differentiation and proliferation in the healing process of cuts and burns. This study aimed to determine the role of hBM-MSCs in the formation of granulation tissue in diabetic burnt rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Thirty rats were divided into two groups; phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a control group and a treatment group (BM-MSCs 2×10<sup>6</sup> cells/mL). Both groups were treated as hyperglycaemia by injecting alloxan. Rats were anesthetized using xylazine and ketamine and given full-depth burns on the dorsal using a heated plate. Rat skin tissue was excised on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day and histopathological preparations were made using immunohistochemical staining to determine the expression of the growth factors of FGF and VEGF. The results were analyzed using Tukey's t-test advanced. <b>Results:</b> The FGF level increased statistically significantly on day 3, 7 and 14 in the treatment group. Otherwise, on day 14 there was a significant difference between the control group and the treatment group (p = 0.017). The VEGF expression also showed an increase on days 3 and 7 but decreased on day 14. The VEGF level was not statistically significant between the control and treatment groups. <b>Conclusion:</b> The hBM-MSCs increased the formation of granulation tissue by expressing a high level of FGF which plays a role at the beginning of new blood vessel formation and VEGF affects the end of the formation of new blood vessels.