Correlation between Immune Factor Expression and Prognosis of Plasma Cell Mastitis Surgery and its Predictive Value for Prognosis

Background: To study the correlation between the expression of immune factors and the prognosis of surgical treatment of plasma cell mastitis (PCM) and to analyze its predictive value for the prognosis of patients. Methods: 89 female patients with PCM treated in our hospital from June 2020 to September 2022 were divided into good prognosis group (69 cases) and poor prognosis group (20 cases). Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of poor prognosis of surgical treatment for PCM, and to explore the correlation between these immune factors and the prognosis of surgical treatment for PCM. Draw the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to analyze the predictive value of the above indexes for the prognosis of patients with PCM. Results: After 4 weeks of treatment, the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were significantly lower than before treatment (p < 0.05), and the level of interleukin 10 (IL-10) was significantly higher than before treatment (p < 0.05). At the time of admission, there was no significant difference in the clinical data and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 between the two groups (p > 0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the indexes of TNF-α and IL-6 in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of TNF-α (odds ratio (OR) = 1.551, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.276–1.886) and IL-6 (OR = 1.082, 95% CI: 1.046–1.119) were increased, which were risk factors for the prognosis of PCM (OR >1). Correlation analysis showed that TNF-α and IL-6 were negatively correlated with the prognosis of PCM, while IL-10 was positively correlated with the prognosis of PCM. ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve for TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 to predict the prognosis of surgical treatment of PCM were 0.896, 0.931 and 0.709 respectively. Conclusions: The expression of immune factors such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 is closely related to the prognosis of surgical treatment of PCM, which has high predictive value for its prognosis.