Electrochemical Luminescence Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide Based on Melem

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is one of the most important reactive oxygen species (ROS), involved in various pathological and physiological processes. Additionally, since cancer cells produce an excess of H₂O₂ compared to normal cells, H₂O₂ can serve as a biomarker for assessing differences in oxidative stress capabilities among different cells and for detecting cancer cells. Therefore, effective and accurate detection of H₂O₂ is crucial for biological research. Electrochemiluminescence detection offers the advantages of high sensitivity and simple operation. Melem, as an eco-friendly biological material, also possesses certain luminescent properties, making it valuable for application in the field of electrochemiluminescence detection. In this paper, oxidized melamine (melem-AT) with good luminescent property was prepared by thermal polymerization combined with nitric acid oxidation. Based on the synergistic effect of H₂O₂ on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of melem-AT, a H₂O₂ sensor was constructed using melem-AT as luminescent substance and potassium persulfate as co-reaction agent. Under the best experimental conditions, there is a good linear relationship between the luminous intensity of melem-AT and H₂O₂ concentration. The detection range is 0.125 ~ 35 mol/L with detection limit of 100 nmol/L. The detection results of H₂O₂ in human serum show that ECL sensor has potential application value in clinical detection. Compared to other methods, this sensor offers advantages such as simple operation, low cost, and fast detection speed, providing a promising approach for the detection of H₂O₂.