Pseudomonas fluorescens in plant growth promotion and biocontrol: A focus on secondary metabolites, IAA, and siderophores

Pseudomonas fluorescens, a Gram-negative bacterium abundant in soil, plays a critical role in promoting plant growth and controlling pathogens, demonstrating remarkable biocontrol capabilities. This review explores the utility of P. fluorescens and its ability to produce secondary metabolites, IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid), and siderophores, addressing agricultural challenges under the strains of climate change. It emphasizes its role as a plant growth-promoting bacterium (PGPB), synthesizing recent findings on its contributions to enhancing plant resilience, pathogen resistance, and sustainable agricultural practices. The production of secondary metabolites, IAA, and siderophores by P. fluorescens is examined for its effectiveness in biocontrol, nutrient mobilization, and hormonal regulation. These functions are critically analyzed through diverse research methodologies, including laboratory and field trials, underscoring the bacterium’s pivotal role in advancing agricultural sustainability and productivity. As the agricultural sector increasingly focuses on bio-products and the exploration of soil microorganisms, P. fluorescens emerges as a promising solution to enhance farming resilience in the face of climatic adversities.