Prevalence And Severity Of High Blood Pressure In Morocco

Background: Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a chronic medical condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure in the arteries. Although it may not always exhibit noticeable symptoms, hypertension can lead to serious long-term health complications, including an increased risk for coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and severity of hypertension among patients in Rabat, Morocco. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study that included all patients diagnosed with hypertension at the Military Hospital Mohammed V of Rabat (Morocco), during the period between 2004 and 2018. A standardized questionnaire was completed for each patient. Prior to data collection, patients were informed about the objectives of the study, and measures were taken to protect their confidentiality and anonymity. The study parameters included age, gender, time elapsed since hypertension diagnosis, and hypertension severity. Results: A total of 10,929 individuals were included in the study, with half being male. The mean age of the patients was 71 ± 17 years. The age group most affected was those aged 65 years or older, representing 62% of all groups. Of the hypertensive cases, 70% were classified as moderate hypertension. Furthermore, hypertension significantly increased with age (p˂0.001). Conclusion: Adopting positive lifestyle changes and adhering to prescribed medications are key strategies that can effectively lower blood pressure and reduce the risks of severe health complications commonly associated with hypertension. Examples of effective lifestyle changes include weight loss, regular physical exercise, reduced salt and alcohol consumption, and a healthy diet. Medications for managing hypertension may also be necessary in some cases.