In Vitro Evaluation Of Surface Roughness Of Three Class V Restorative Materials Following Prophylactic Instrumentation

Objective: This study was designed to determine which among the three Class V restorative materials - Omnichroma, GC Gold label Hybrid and Beautifil exhibits the least increase in surface roughness when subjected to manual or ultrasonic prophylactic instrumentation. Materials and methods: Class V cavity preparation were performed on 60 mandibular premolar teeth and randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 specimens each. They were restored with the assigned restorative material, i.e. Composite (Group 1), GIC (Group 2) and Giomer (Group 3). Restorations were finished and polished and then subjected to surface profilometry analysis for determining the surface roughness values followed by simulated aging by thermocycling. These groups were further subdivided into two subgroups consisting of 10 samples each and subjected to manual and ultrasonic prophylactic instrumentation followed by surface profilometric analysis. After polishing using prophylactic paste, once again surface profilometry analysis was done. The data thus obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 26.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) software. Results and discussion: The highest value for surface roughness was seen with Group 1 (Omnichroma) followed by Group 2 (GC Gold Label hybrid). Group 3 (Beautifil) exhibited lowest value for surface roughness along all the stages. Manual instrumentation groups showed increased surface roughness compared to ultrasonic instrumentation groups. Conclusion: Among the three tested materials, best surface finish at all stages of evaluation was seen with Beautifil, followed by GC Gold label hybrid and the lowest quality was seen with Omnichroma.