Dynamic multi-dose vaccination with initial immunity on higher-order networks

Vaccination remains crucial during pandemics for combating disease spread. We here propose a two-layer model for multi-dose vaccination policy, considering vaccine hesitancy, initial immunity, as well as media-driven information dissemination concerning vaccine strategy selection. Moreover, we consider collective opinions through social networks with higher-order interactions. We perform numerical simulations to analyse variations in vaccination strategies. We further compare obtained outcomes with the exploration of real data on vaccination behaviours. Our research indicates that information dissemination can regulate vaccination, and that models accounting for individual immunity align more closely with real-world scenarios. Furthermore, we find that considering vaccination decisions from neighbouring agents is crucial under multi-dose policies for the facilitation of faster vaccination diffusion.