Laparoscopic hysterectomy for uterine conditions among patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital of Himachal Pradesh: a cross-sectional study

Background: Laparoscopic hysterectomy has become a preferred surgical approach for managing uterine conditions, offering advantages such as reduced postoperative pain and shorter hospital stays. However, the impact of geographic factors on laparoscopic hysterectomy outcomes in mountainous regions remains understudied. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Kamla Nehru hospital, IGMC Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, aiming to evaluate demographic characteristics, prevalence of uterine conditions necessitating surgery, and surgical outcomes associated with laparoscopic hysterectomy. Data were collected from 90 participants over a two-year period, including patient demographics, preoperative diagnoses, surgical techniques, perioperative complications, and postoperative outcomes. Results: The mean age of study participants was 47.4±5.2 years, with leiomyoma causing abnormal uterine bleeding being the most common preoperative diagnosis (67.8%). Total laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy was the most frequently performed procedure (55.6%), with a mean duration of surgery of 1.67±0.1 hours and an average estimated blood loss of 80 mL. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were minimal, with a trend towards decreasing mean duration of surgery over time and a shift towards larger uterine sizes being taken for laparoscopic removal. Conclusions: Laparoscopic hysterectomy is a safe and effective procedure, with minimal complications and improving surgical efficiency over time. However, further research is needed to explore long-term outcomes and the impact of geographic factors on surgical practice and patient care in mountainous regions.