Using U-Net models in deep learning for brain tumor detection from MRI scans

Tumor diseases in the nervous system are both dangerous and complex. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is crucial for detecting brain disease; however, identifying the presence of tumors from these is time-consuming and requires a professional doctor. Utilizing deep learning for tumor detection in MRI images can reduce waiting times and enhance detection accuracy. We propose a method employing two U-Net models: ResNeXt-50 and EfficientNet architectures, integrated with a Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) for segmenting brain tumor. The models were trained on the BraTS 2021 dataset, consisting of 3,929 MRI scan images with 3,929 corresponding masks, divided into training, testing, and evaluation sets in a 70:15:15 ratio. The results indicate that the hybrid model, which combines EfficientNet and FPN, delivers superior performance, with an average Intersection over Union (IoU) accuracy of 0.90 on the test set compared to 0.50 for ResNeXt-50, and Dice accuracy of 0.92 compared to 0.66 for ResNeXt-50. Furthermore, we developed a web application that implements the EfficientNet with FPN model, facilitating convenient tumor detection from uploaded MRI images for doctors.