Heart Rate and Oxygen Saturation Internet of Things System (HROS-IoT) Uses Fuzzy Logic

Emergencies in hospitals, including in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), necessitate effective response systems for monitoring vital signs such as heart rate and oxygen saturation. This study aims to develop and evaluate a Heart Rate and Oxygen Saturation Internet of Things (HROS-IoT) system utilizing the MAX30102 sensor and ESP32 microcontroller for real-time health monitoring. The system transmits data to the Blynk application via WiFi, enabling remote monitoring. Testing involved comparing the HROS-IoT system's performance against the commercial LK87 oximeter in measuring heart rate and oxygen saturation before and after meals with five participants. Results indicated that the HROS-IoT system produced heart rate measurements with an average error of 5.2 BPM before meals and 11.3 BPM after meals. Oxygen saturation readings showed an average error of 1% before meals and after meals. Despite minor discrepancies influenced by individual physiological differences and environmental conditions, the HROS-IoT system consistently delivered reliable data. The system's real-time monitoring capability and remote data access enhance proactive health management in hospitals. This study demonstrates the potential of the HROS-IoT system to improve patient outcomes and safety, suggesting further refinements for better accuracy and integration into healthcare settings.