Advanced QKD Protocols and Practical Challenges

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is an emerging field in private key cryptography. Recent advancements in quantum cryptography are focused on developing more secure protocols, particularly in response to the real time implementations of quantum hacking. Our research article focuses on Measurement-Device-Independent (MDI) and Twin-Field (TF) Quantum Key Distribution protocols, addressing the challenges associated with their implementation. We have discussed the implementation of a discrete phase randomization technique and phase slicing for Twin-Field (TF) Quantum Key Distribution, along with the integration of a random number generator (RNG). In our work, we designed and implemented initial quantum state preparation and the control electronics for an advanced Quantum Key Distribution system using an FPGA board.