Bravery and Friendship in Children's Literature through the Lens of Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis

This research utilizes Van Dijk's (1977) Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework to investigate the themes of bravery and friendship in the children's stories "The Brave Little Squirrel" and "Milo's Magical Map." The primary objective is to examine how discourse influences social identities, values, and interpersonal relationships through narrative structures and character dynamics. Using qualitative methods, the study conducts a detailed textual analysis focusing on thematic elements, character dialogues, and the moral lessons delineated in both stories. The findings indicate that these narratives portray bravery not solely as a heroic quality but as an expression of aiding others, thereby nurturing a sense of community and companionship. Additionally, the analysis uncovers the underlying social values presented in these narratives, underscoring the significance of empathy and collaboration for young readers. This research enhances the understanding of children’s literature as a crucial factor in shaping social and moral growth, offering valuable insights for educators and parents regarding themes that can effectively instill positive values in children.