Natural course and effect of tafamidis treatment in real-life octogenarians with wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: an international multi-centre analysis

Abstract Background and aims In real-life, wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTRwt-CM) is increasingly diagnosed in elderly patients above 80 years old. Nevertheless, specific data on natural course and outcome under tafamidis treatment in octogenarians are particularly scarce. We aimed to study tafamidis impact on mortality and its determinants in real-life ATTRwt-CM octogenarians. Methods International multi-centric cohort study of 710 consecutive ATTRwt-CM patients, stratified between octogenarians and non-octogenarians at diagnose and tafamidis naive or treatment. Mean follow-up was 2.2±1.8 years to all-cause mortality endpoint. Results The cohort consisted of 58.3% octogenarians (median 84 years, 74.2% male). Before tafamidis availability, natural course in octogenarians (148/257) versus non-octogenarians (109/257) was poor with 41% three-year and 70% five-year mortality versus 19% and 42%, respectively (p<0.001). Since tafamidis availability, 70.1% (253/361) octogenarians were initiated on tafamidis, less than 83.7% (231/276) non-octogenarians (p<0.001). Tafamidis discontinuation was similar (octogenarians 11.4%, non-octogenarians 7.9%, p=0.260). Overall tafamidis treated octogenarians had better survival than untreated octogenarians (p<0.001) and untreated non-octogenarians (p=0.026), with 23% three-year and 51% five-year mortality. Tafamidis treatment related to lower mortality in octogenarians (HR 0.37, 95%CI 0.20-0.67, p=0.001), after correcting for age, NAC stage and NYHA class, the other independent predictors. Propensity-score matching for those variables in 218 subjects confirmed tafamidis mortality benefit in octogenarians (p<0.001). Octogenarians had poorer survival under tafamidis, when initiated at ≥90 years old (p<0.001), NAC stage ≥3 (p=0.001) or NYHA class ≥3 (p=0.055). Conclusions Tafamidis treatment in real-life octogenarians independently improves survival, with better effect of early initiation at lower disease stage and age.Structured graphical abstractDistributions within age category