Brevundimonas aurifodinae, sp. nov., an Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototroph Resistant to Metalloid Oxyanions Isolated from Gold Mine Tailings

A polyphasic taxonomic study was carried out on the rod-shaped, orange-pigmented strain C11^T, isolated from gold mine tailings. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed a relatedness to <i>Brevundimonas</i>, with a 98.4% and 98.2% similarity to <i>Brevundimonas bacteroides</i> and <i>Brevundimonas variabilis</i>, respectively. The average nucleotide identity and a digital DNA-DNA hybridization with the closest phylogenetic neighbor of strain C11^T indicate distinction at the species level, further confirmed by the differences in physiology. C_18:1 ω7c is the dominant cellular fatty acid. Its DNA G + C content is 68.3 mol %. Its predominant ubiquinone is Q-10; 1,2-Di-O-acyl-3-O-α-D-glucopyranuronosyl glycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl glycerol, and 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-[D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-glucopyranuronosyl] glycerol are its major polar lipid constituents. This bacterium produces bacteriochlorophyll <i>a</i> and tolerates high concentrations of (μg/mL) the following: tellurium (>1500), selenium (1000 to >5000), and vanadium (>5000) oxyanions. The data support the inclusion of the strain C11^T into the genus <i>Brevundimonas</i> as a new species with the proposed name <i>Brevundimonas aurifodinae</i> sp. nov. (C11^T = NRRL B-61758^T; =DSM 118059^T).