Smart Material Optimization: Exploring the Influence of Experimental Parameters on PVDF Crystalline Structure

Abstract Advancements in technology, particularly in the development of smart materials, offer promising prospects for sustainable solutions. These materials, known for their responsiveness to external stimuli, span various fields such as healthcare and electronics. Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) is notable for its piezoelectric properties, crucial in sensors and energy devices. PVDF crystallizes in different phases, with the β phase being particularly significant for its piezoelectric behavior. This study examines the influence of annealing temperature on PVDF’s crystalline structure. PVDF films were fabricated through solvent casting by dissolving PVDF granules in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 60 °C by mechanical mixing at 400 rpm for 5 hours, followed by casting on glass. The films were then subjected to various annealing temperatures i-e RT, 80 °C and 100 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed for characterization. Results reveal a notable correlation between processing temperature and PVDF’s crystalline phase, with higher temperatures favoring an increase in the β phase content. However, careful optimization of temperature conditions is essential to avoid undesired phase transitions that may compromise performance. This study underscores the importance of processing parameters to fully harness PVDF’s potential in smart material applications.