Antimicrobial Activity of Composite Preparations Based on Biosurfactants and Heterocyclic Amino-Containing 1,4-Naphtoquinone Derivativesantimicrobial Activity of Composite Preparations Based on Biosurfactants and Heterocyclic Amino-Containing 1,4-Nap

Background. The development of highly effective and environmentally safe composite drugs with antimicrobial properties is an important challenge in biotechnology and pharmacy. Objective. To determine the antimicrobial activity of new composite preparations based on rhamnolipids combined with heterocyclic amine-containing derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone against the test-bacteria Escherichia coli B-906, Staphylococcus aureus 209-P, Mycobacterium luteum B-917, and fungi Candida tenuis UCM Y-70 and Aspergillus niger UCM F-1119. Methods. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of heterocyclic amine-containing derivatives of 1,4-naphtho­quinone, biosurfactants, and composite preparations based on them was tested against cultures of Escherichia coli B-906, Staphylococcus aureus 209-P, Mycobacterium luteum B-917, and fungi Candida tenuis UCM Y-70 and Aspergillus niger UCM F-1119 using the agar diffusion method on solid nutrient media, as well as the serial dilution method (minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations). The toxicity of the heterocyclic amine-containing derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone was predicted using in silico methodology via the ProTox-II software. Results. It was found that 2-chloro-3-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)naphthalene-1,4-dione 3.2 and 2-chloro-3-((3-(n-tolyl)- 1H-pyrazol-5-yl) amino) naphthalene-1,4-dione 3.3 exhibit antimicrobial activity. Their composite preparations, due to the combination with rhamnolipids, demonstrated improved solubility and enhanced antimicrobial effects. Based on the results of the calculated assessment, the studied heterocyclic amine-containing derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone are predicted to fall into toxicity class IV. Conclusions. The antimicrobial activity of 2-chloro-3-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)naphthalene-1,4-dione 3.2 and 2-chloro-3-(3-( 3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)amino)naphthalene-1,4-dione 3.3 is enhanced. This suggests the potential of the proposed biotechnological approaches in the development of new biocidal preparations.