Racial Disparities in Inpatient Outcomes for Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma

Background: Healthcare disparities persist, reflecting variations in health outcomes, access, and quality among racial groups. Understanding these disparities is essential for improving healthcare equity. Methods: We queried the National Inpatient Sample 2017-2020 for adult patients of different races hospitalized with Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using ICD-10 codes. The primary outcome was inpatient mortality. The secondary outcomes were intubation, length of stay (LOS), and hospital cost. Multivariable logistic, linear, and Poisson regression analyses were used to estimate clinical outcomes with a p-value < 0.05 was significant. Results: Total 361060 RCC hospitalizations, mean age 65.6 years, 64.7% male. Caucasians were the largest group, followed by Blacks. Blacks had the highest rates of AKI, CKD, dialysis indicating more severe renal impairment. Clinical characteristics are listed in Figure 1. Blacks have the highest rates of intubation, LOS, and inpatient mortality. Hispanics incurred the highest total costs. Clinical outcomes are shown in Figure 2. Conclusion: Data suggest significant racial disparities in inpatient admissions and outcomes of RCC. A lower rate of hospitalization among Blacks, despite higher incidence may be due to decrease access to healthcare, poor awareness, socioeconomic factors, reporting biases. Targeted interventions are needed to address these disparities, including improved access to healthcare, better management of comorbid conditions, and aggressive follow-up care, particularly for high-risk groups like Blacks.Figure 1Figure 2