Key Factors Influencing Quality of Life in the Disabled Based on Multifaceted Life Satisfaction

Abstract Background Healthy life of the disabled is considered a global social issue, and enhancing the quality of life (QoL) of the disabled is an important task. The disabled have lower multifaceted life satisfaction due to various daily restrictions, which negatively affects their QoL. Research on the QoL of the disabled is ongoing, but there are few comprehensive studies addressing multifaceted life satisfaction. To enhance the QoL of the disabled, it is essential to understand their multifaceted life satisfaction and investigate key factors influencing their QoL. Methods We used data from the 2021 Disability and Life Dynamics Panel (nationwide survey). On the base of Patrick’s model of disability health promotion, we analyzed the impact of multifaceted life satisfaction of the disabled on their QoL by using multiple regression analysis adjusted for gender, age, education level, daily living activities, type and severity of disability, and presence of multiple disabilities. Results The satisfaction with social relationships(β=.535, p<.0001), income(β=.146, p<.0001), housing environment(β=.132, p<.0001), occupation(β=.130, p<.0001), and health(β=.111, p<.0001) was found to have a significant positive impact on the QoL of the disabled. Particularly, satisfaction with social relationships exerted the greatest impact on their QoL. Conclusions Not only health satisfaction, but also social relations, income, housing environment, occupation had a substantial impact on the QoL of the disabled. These findings can support the government in prioritizing health policy development for the disabled and contribute to improving the QoL for the disabled through a comprehensive and integrated approach. The government should develop health policies to enhance social connections and support networks for the disabled, while also considering aspects for improving income, housing environment, occupation, and health. Key messages • Not only health satisfaction, but also social relations, income, housing environment, occupation had a substantial impact on the QoL of the disabled. • The government should prioritize developing health policies aimed at enhancing social relations for the disabled, while also considering income, housing environment, occupation, and health.