Characterising users of community-based interventions designed to improve the food practices

Abstract Promoting affordable ways to help low-income families improve dietary behaviours and achieve a healthy weight represents a priority for UK public health policy. For such interventions to be appropriately tailored and targeted, it is important to better understand the intended recipients. The present study aimed to assess the dietary practices and psychosocial characteristics of users of Aberdeen City community-based interventions (e.g., food banks, pantries, social cafés) designed to support low-income communities in accessing food and engaging in healthier food practices. From January to June 2023, a cross-sectional survey was conducted employing convenience sampling among users of community-based interventions (N = 105; 73 females). The questionnaire assessed diet quality (SFFQ), household food insecurity (HFIAS), mental health (PHQ-4), well-being (Cantril Ladder), intention and self-efficacy toward healthy eating, and sociodemographic variables. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, group comparisons, correlations, and regression analyses. Results indicated that community-based food provision users are highly vulnerable to food insecurity. Among participants, 53.3% reported severe food insecurity, and 18.1% reported moderate levels. Service users’ diets were high in discretionary foods and drinks (26% consume daily >1 portion of fizzy juice, 18.2% sweets, 16.7% crisps vs. 11.5% fruits and 10.6% vegetables). The mean dietary quality score was 9.48 (SD = 1.90) from a possible 15. Higher food insecurity and lower diet quality were significantly associated with greater mental distress (r=.41, p<.001; r=-.287, p=.005;) and poorer well-being (r=-.460, p<.001; r=.19, p=.049;). This study is part of a larger project aiming to optimise community-based dietary interventions for low-income populations. The results provide a clearer picture of the intended beneficiaries of such interventions and highlight user needs that can be prioritised in optimisation efforts. Key messages • Community-based food provision users are highly vulnerable to food insecurity and related negative health experiences. • The burden of poor diet and its associated health consequences disproportionately affect those living in the most deprived communities.