Risk communication with migrants: Lessons learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic experience in Malmö

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, many migrants faced challenges in accessing, comprehending and implementing information, leading to mis- and disinformation and distrust. The pandemic underscored the importance of effective risk communication (RC) and community engagement (CE) that reaches all segments of society, both for managing health effects and preventing the reinforcement of discrimination and stigmatization. This study aims to describe the experience of RCCE targeting migrants in Malmö, Sweden, from an expert perspective. Further, to gain an in-depth understanding of the requirements for inclusive RCCE actions and to identify alternative or complementary strategies based on good local practices. Methods Individual interviews were conducted with experts representing civil society and public authorities who were purposely sampled based on their engagement with RCCE targeting migrants. The interview guide was based on a review of international guidelines addressing aspects of RCCE, and analysed with content analysis. Results Three key organisations working towards undocumented migrants; unaccompanied minors; and newly arrived refugees, respectively, were included. Findings are synthesized into three key insights: a) RC through trusted sources in safe spaces; b) Understanding migrant living conditions c) Promoting intersectoral collaboration and feedback loops. Experts underscored the importance of cultivating sustainable and relationships with migrant communities to effectively communicate, aiding in compliance and counter distrust. The significance of intersectoral collaboration and communication pathways was highlighted for assessing migrant specific needs and designing appropriate interventions. Conclusions Long-term trusting relationship facilitate RC. Embedding sustainability within intersectoral collaboration structures is imperative to facilitate swift mobilization during health crises, foster resilience, and counter health inequities.