Mind, Method, and Mastery: Assessing Design Thinking (DT) Proficiency Through Critical Incident Technique (CIT) and Quantitative Content Analysis

"Assessing Design Thinking (DT) Proficiency Through Critical Incident Technique" employs a Criterion-referenced framework, C-K theory, and Functional-Behavior-Structure Ontology to assess proficiency in visual design, technical design, and cognitive task skills. This study investigated the construct validity by examining how evidence and theory support these findings. The findings revealed varying proficiency levels among participants, indicating the need to improve TPC pedagogy by targeting the development of DT skills. Practical applications include incorporating iterative design processes, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and aligning educational goals with industrial demands. Notably, the study underscores the importance of visual thinking in DT, which aligns with the existing evidence and theory in design cognition research. Future research should explore longitudinal studies to track skill development and investigate the integration of FBS ontology into TPC curriculum. Finally, exploring the cross-disciplinary applications of DT in diverse fields can enhance the understanding and practice of DT.