Determination of Elemental Content in Vineyard Soil, Leaves, and Grapes of Sangiovese Grapes from the Chianti Region Using ICP-MS for Geographical Identification

To fight counterfeits and to protect the consumer, the interest in certifying the origin of agricultural goods has been steadily growing in the last years. While numerous works focus on the finished product, an aspect often overlooked is the origin of the raw materials and the direct correlation between chemicals in the soil and the plants. With inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis, trace and ultratrace elements in Sangiovese grapes (the main component of Chianti wine) were measured and their levels were used to investigate the geographical origin of the samples. This was achieved despite the extreme closeness of some of the vineyard partners of this study (10-20 km range) by computing a multivariate model using selected elements as levels. The model was then validated on samples coming from different zones of the Chianti area, with good results for discriminating even extremely close regions.