Both fibrosis-4 index and fibrosis-5 index can predict the prognosis of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract Backgrounds: The Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index and Fibrosis-5 (FIB-5) index are non-invasive indicators reflecting liver fibrosis. Previous studies show their association with acute heart failure and myocardial infarction prognosis. However, there are few reports on the relationship between the two indices and the prognosis of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Purpose This study aims to explore and compare the predictive value of both indices for PCI patient prognosis. Method Data for this study were obtained from a retrospective cohort comprising patients admitted to and discharge d from 72 secondary and tertiary hospitals between 2010 and 2023. Inclusion criteria comprised patients undergoing PCI during hospitalization. The initial test results of these patients after admission were collected, and the FIB-4 (FIB-4 = age (years) × aspartate aminotransferase (AST [U/L]) / (platelets [10^9/L] × alanine aminotransferase [ALT {U/L}]½) and FIB-5 (FIB-5 = [albumin (g/L) × 0.3 + platelet count (10^9/L) × 0.05] - [alkaline phosphatase (U/L) × 0.014 + AST/ALT ratio × 6 + 14]) indices were calculated. Patients were divided into low (N = 83082), medium (N = 16618), and high (N = 7932) FIB-4 groups, as well as low (N = 18642), medium (N = 12106), and high (N = 76884) FIB-5 groups based on predefined cutoff values. The primary endpoint was one-year cardiovascular mortality, with secondary endpoints including one-year all-cause mortality and one-year recurrent myocardial infarction. Results The study included 107,632 patients after PCI whose FIB-4 index and FIB-5 index could be simultaneously calculated during hospitalization. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that compared to the low FIB-4 group, both the high FIB-4 group (aHR 1.935; 95%CI 1.592-2.353) and the medium FIB-4 group (aHR 1.487; 95%CI 1.251-1.768) had an increased risk of one-year cardiovascular death (P0.05). Conclusions The present study indicated that both FIB-4 and FIB-5 could be used to predict the prognosis of patients after PCI. High FIB-4 index and low FIB-5 index were predictive factors for 1-year cardiovascular death, 1-year all-cause death, and 1-year recurrent myocardial infarction in patients after PCI, with no statistical difference in predictive value between the two.