Anabolic steroids as the substrate for atrial fibrillation: a case report

This case highlights the potential but underexplored link between AS use and the onset of AF. Although ASs are known to affect cardiovascular health by promoting hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and endothelial dysfunction, their role in arrhythmogenesis, particularly in AF, remains unclear. In this patient, the absence of other identifiable triggers, combined with the resolution of symptoms upon steroid cessation, strongly suggests a causal relationship. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms through which ASs may contribute to the development of AF, particularly in younger, otherwise healthy individuals such as athletes and bodybuilders. This case underscores the importance of awareness among clinicians regarding the potential cardiac risks associated with AS use.