Tracing applications for the control of virus dispersal - COVID-19 experience

Abstract Tracing apps have been promoted as an effective tool for the monitoring and control of the spread of COVID-19. Although the correlation between the use of mobile tracking apps and reducing the spread of the virus has been demonstrated, the success of these apps depends on a number of factors, such as the number of app users, the rate at which new systems get adopted, as well as concerns related to anonymity and privacy. The aim of the research was to analyse the pattern of adaptation and use of a COVID-19 tracing app in the context of Polish society. The research used a qualitative approach, data were collected through focus group and individual interviews. The sample consisted of 34 respondents, aged 23-61, with different educational levels and backgrounds. The study followed two phases. First, a model with a set of questions was proposed on the basis of the unified theory of technology acceptance and use. Secondly, using the set of questions, interviews were conducted. In order to examine the data, thematic analysis was applied. To summarise the results of the survey, the respondents have clear expectations towards the app, which are not fulfilled. They are afraid of new technologies. However, they use them frequently and willingly without thinking about the security of their personal data. They expect applications to provide reliable information, but at the same time do not want to enter necessary data that they consider sensitive. They are negative about government actions without losing trust in government applications. It can also be speculated that a lack of information and understanding of the app may have contributed to some of the objections. In conclusion, we need to better understand users and be able to accommodate often conflicting characteristics in order to design more effective tracking applications in the future. Key messages • Technology offers ways to successfully prevent viruses from spreading. • Getting the technology right, based on customer behaviour, is key to the effectiveness of tracking applications.